Spring 2008 Schedule

This course is designed to be an introduction to philosophy. Participants will be introduced the nature of philosophical inquiry by considering some
of the most fundamental philosophical issues in the fields of metaphysics, epistemology and ethics. Some of the issues that will be considered include the question of God's existence, the relationship between mind and body, personal identity, free will, our knowledge of the world (and whether we have any), the nature of morality and moral responsibility, etc. The material covered in the course will include selections from both current and historically important philosophers. Course requirements include a mid-term exam, one short paper and a final exam. There are no prerequisites required for the course.


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This course offers an introduction to logic and structured reasoning. The course will give you tools, strategies and concepts with which to identify the strength and weaknesses of arguments you encounter in classes or in daily life. Moreover, by becoming familiar with correct forms of reasoning your own arguments at school or in your time off will become clearer and more focused, and therefore having a better chance at being convincing.

Required Text(s)
Layman, Power of Logic, 3rd ed. (McGraw, 2005) ISBN-13: 9780072875874
 


The types of questions that we will consider in this course can be divided into three classes: 1) Metaethics is concerned with foundational questions in ethics. This includes questions about the nature of ethical truths (if there even are any ethical truths), what we mean when we use ethical language, how we come to know ethical truths (if we even can), and how we are motivated by ethical truths (and what this might reveal about the nature of ethical truths); 2) Normative ethics is concerned with what it is that makes something good/bad, right/wrong, etc. In particular, we will study the ethical theories of J.S. Mill, Immanuel Kant, and if time permits, Aristotle; 3) Applied ethics is concerned with answering particular ethical questions such as: ‘When, if ever, is abortion permissible?’, ‘When, if ever, is terrorism/torture justified?’, ‘Do we have a duty to end suffering due to hunger in other countries?’ etc.

Required Text(s)
Kant, Groundword for the Metaphysics of Morals (Cambridge, 1997) ISBN-13: 9780521626958
Mill, Utilitarianism, 2nd ed. (Hackett, 2001) ISBN-13: 9780872206052
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This course will serve as a general introduction to business and professional ethics. We will discuss the most fundamental issues in business ethics, as well as consider ethical issues that pertain to the specific professions of accounting and finance, journalism, medicine, and law. For most topics, we will consider moral arguments for and against various practices; students will be encouraged to draw their own conclusions regarding the moral permissibility of these practices. No previous experience in moral philosophy is required for this course, and we will discuss important moral theories (e.g., utilitarianism and deontology) as they become relevant to certain issues and/or arguments.

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This is the third and final course in the Philosophy 20 series of classes surveying the history of philosophy in the West. In this last course, we examine the main developments in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries: the so-called early modern period. (Note that you do not have to have taken 20A or 20B in order to enroll for 20C.)
We will examine the work of four major figures in the period: John Locke (1632-1704), George Berkeley (1685-1753), David Hume (1711-1776) and Immanuel Kant (1724-1804). The focus of the course will be the metaphysical systems developed by these thinkers, and in particular their various theories of the relationship between mind and world.
Reading will consist largely in representative selections from each of the four historical figures.

Required Text(s)
Allhoff, et al. eds, Late Modern Philosophy: Essential Readings With Commentary (Wiley, 2006) ISBN-13: 9781405146890
Hume, Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion (Hackett, 1998) ISBN-13: 9780872204027


A historical investigation of the three main kinds of normative moral theory and of political theories related to them.

Required Text(s)
Morgan, ed., Classics of Moral and Political Theory, 4th ed. (Hackett, 2006) ISBN-13: 9780872207769
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Contact instructor for details.

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In this course we will focus on contemporary theories of the relation between mind and brain, and the nature of thought, linguistic understanding, consciousness, and personhood.

Required Text(s)
Chalmers, ed. Philosophy of Mind: Classical and Contemporary Readings (Oxford, 2002) ISBN-13: 9780195145816
 


This class will examine problems in nanoethics.

Required Text(s)
Allhoff, Lin, et al., eds., Nanoethics: The Ethical and Social Implications of Nanotechnology (Wiley, John, and Sons) ISBN-13: 9780470084175


The course will explore some contemporary philosophy that falls outside the analytic tradition.


Required Text(s)
Boghossian, Fear of Knowledge (Oxford, 2006) ISBN-13: 9780199287185
Geuss, Idea of a Critical Theory (Cambridge, 1981) ISBN-13: 9780521284226
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Contact instructor for details.

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An intensive study of at least two, and prehaps all three, of the following topics: the problem of evil, miracles, the ontological argument.

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This course deals with theories of law (Positivism, Law as Integrity, Originalism). It also deals with the European Convention of Human Rights.

Required Text(s)
Adams, ed., Philosophical Problems in the Law, 4th ed. (Wadsworth, 2004) ISBN: 0534584284
 


This course concerns the refutation of skepticism about knowledge of the external world. We will look primarily at a priori arguments aimed at showing that the skeptic is mistaken. We will consider Kantian transcendental arguments, recent arguments from Hilary Putnam and Donald Davidson, and other arguments proceeding from consideration in the philosophy of mind.

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Contact instructor for details.


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The focus of this course will be Aristotle’s metaphysics, particularly the metaphysics of substance. We shall try to gain understanding of Aristotle’s analyses of such metaphysical distinctions as those between form and matter, potentiality and actuality, and substance and attribute. We will also examine Aristotle’s conceptions of causation, change, mixture, essence, and soul. Grades will be based on a term paper and a final exam.

Required Text(s)
McKeon, ed., The Basic Works of Aristotle (Modern Library) ISBN: 0375757996
 


This course will examine the philosophy of the seventeenth-century rationalist philosopher René Descartes (1596-1650). We will concentrate on his epistemology and metaphysics, including his views on skepticism, the respective contributions of the intellect and the senses to human knowledge, the status of the eternal truths of logic and mathematics, free will, the ontology of mind and body, and the foundations of physical science. Our aim will be to understand his theories, to appreciate their strengths and track down their weaknesses, and to consider how some of his ideas played out (and continue to play out) in later philosophical epochs.


Required Text(s)
Descartes, Selected Philosophical Writings (Cambridge, 1988) ISBN-13: 9780521358125
 


An examination of some aspects of Kant's theoretical philosophy as developed in his Critique of Pure Reason.

Required Text(s)
Kant, Critique of Pure Reason (Palgrave Macmillan) ISBN-13: 9781403911957
(FOR 266A ONLY) Kitcher, ed., Kant's Critique of Pure Reason (Rowman & Littlefield, 1998) ISBN-13: 9780847689170


Contact instructor for details.

Required Text(s)
Wittgenstein, translated by Anscombe, Philosophical Investigations: The German Text, With a Revised English Translation (Blackwell, 3rd ed.) ISBN: 0631231277
 

 
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Topic: conceptual role semantics. Readings by Block, Burge, Brandom, Dummett, Fodor, Harman, Lepore, Peacocke, and others.

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